I was reading SearchEngineLand’s round up of a SEO & SEM Q & A twitter session by Danny Sullivan and one of the questions caught my attention. EdWords asked:
How would you do SEO for a web page which is an application (= javascript, images & practically no content)?
Danny’s answer was good but kind of constrained by Twitter’s 140 character limit:
if page is more an application using javascript than HTML content, find way to add some text and also look to build links
I think it’s worth looking into this issue a little deeper, starting with a look at how the top Internet Applications manage their SEO.
The Top Internet Applications
IAs are most often characterised by highly interactive, javascript or Flash based user interfaces that are very different to the average blog’s pages of text. Security concerns often mean that they are closed to search engines so even if GoogleBot can understand more than HTML, these applications should be considered black boxes.
Let’s take a look at a few top IAs (chosen through an informal survey around the office and on Twitter) and see how they do their SEO. I’ve chosen these two types to look into:
Free
Free RIAs like webmail and RSS readers. I’ll be looking at the following:
Paid/Freemium
Business users are happy to pay for premium applications suited to them, like:
- SalesForce.com - online CRM
- Basecamp - 37 Signals’ project management application
- Zoho - online competitor to Microsoft Office
How Do They Perform?
Let’s see how well these RIAs perform in a google.com search for appropriate terms (personalized search turned off, universal search results ignored):
| Site | Term | Position |
| GMail | email | 1 |
| Google Reader | rss reader | 3 |
| ColourLovers | colour palette | 2 |
| Salesforce.com | crm | 5 |
| Basecamp | project management | 16 |
| Zoho | word processor | 4 |
These are all very competitive, generic terms and the applications did well, with all except Basecamp hitting the first page of Google. Should we measure the success of a Google-owned application according to how well it ranks in the
Google search engine? I don’t know if there is bias there, but...
SEO Techniques For RIAs
We’ll look at each application in more detail and see which SEO techniques they’ve applied.
GMail
Domain: mail.google.com - A subdomain of Google’s PR10 main domain with a link from the homepage. Few IA developers will be in this privileged position.
Homepage: Javascript heavy and table-based layout with four sentences of text - not great on-page SEO. Has links to About and What’s New pages which are better optimised.
Public pages: In addition to the About and What’s New pages mentioned above, GMail has a large set of help pages. These are written in a quite technical style (very different to the friendly prose on their blog) and will help with targetting long tail queries. The help pages are also translated into several langauges, causing Yahoo Site Explorer to show over 70,000 indexed pages.
Inlinks: Approx 480,000(!) Many of which are from Google’s other properties, think how many ccTLDs Google owns.
Blog: gmailblog.blogspot.com - On yet another Google-owned domain, this is a good source of links to their help pages.
Google Reader
URL: google.com/reader - A subdirectory of the main search page which also benefits from a link, this is Google leveraging the power of their most powerful page again.
Homepage: Again, javascript heavy and table-based layout with little text. Has a link to a set of Tour pages which also have poor on-page SEO.
Public pages: As with GMail, Google Reader makes good use of its help pages. Mobile and iPhone versions of the homepage show up in the SERPs but since the homepage is so sparse there are not likely to be duplicate content issues.
Inlinks: Approx 31,000 from a wide variety of sources. Technical authority (TechCrunch, ReadWriteWeb et al.) sites love Google Reader and it shows in their link profile.
Blog: googlereader.blogspot.com - As with GMail, a blogspot blog is used for promotion and deep links to help pages.
ColourLovers
Domain: colourlovers.com - Five year old domain containing a keyword - a good solid domain name for SEO.
Homepage: Straight into the meat of the application, with lots of palettes and patterns shown on the homepage. A ton of links too (170+) but there is a good chunk of introductory at the top right.
Public pages: Most of the site is public and it makes great use of user-generated content. Each palette and pattern has its own page which allows comments. There is a forum too, with links to the most recent discussions shown on the site footer. All this UGC means that Yahoo Site Explorer lists 5.7 million indexed pages.
Inlinks: Approx 9,000 from a variety of designers and bloggers. ColourLovers also made Time Magazine’s top 50 websites of 2008 (as well as winning other awards) which is definitely going to help that Google juice flow.
Blog: colourlovers.com/blog - In a subdirectory of the main site, the blog is often used to link to the profiles of prolific site members, great motivation for them but the site might be missing out on some long tail queries by not leveraging their blog for how-to posts and social media linkbait.
Salesforce.com
Domain: salesforce.com - An eleven year-old domain containing a related keyword. You can start to see why domainers expect such high prices.
Homepage: There is a high code to content ratio here but the homepage makes good use of excerpts from other pages, kind of like a blog’s front page.
Public pages: There are a lot of sales pages aimed at different types of user (sysadmins, sales staff, managers etc) and they are all translated into a number of different languages. There are also subdomains for company blogs and customer outreach - great for long tail and internal linkage.
Inlinks: Approx 167,000 from a good variety of top sites (apple.com, techcrunch etc.) but if you include the salesforce.com subdomains, the number of inlinks jumps to 285,000. Internal linking FTW!
Blog: blogs.salesforce.com - Lots of different blogs on this subdomain, in keeping with the company’s practice of tailoring content to different types of customer.
Basecamp
Domain: basecamphq.com - No keywords in this five year old domain.
Homepage: Pretty good on-page optimisation here: correct use of heading elements and a decent amount of text. Links to sales and help pages, blog posts and even Twitter. There are URL canonicalisation issues though, no redirect from www.basecamphq.com to basecamphq.com. URL parameters indicating referring sites also appear in Yahoo Site Explorer (not Google SERPs though, so they’ve probably fixed that through Webmaster tools).
Public pages: The URLs with referrer parameters make it difficult to see exactly how many unique pages are indexed (there is no XML sitemap either). There are far fewer public pages on this domain than for any of the other RIAs examined.
Inlinks: About 200,000 inlinks from two main sources: the 37 Signals (the owners of Basecamp) network and advertising. Basecamp seem to have a very popular affiliate program, which results in a lot of dofollow sitewide links on blogs.
Blog: productblog.37signals.com - 37 Signals have a single blog that covers all of their products (as well as the popular Signal vs Noise). This is a pretty good strategy for gaining and controlling offsite links.
Zoho
Domain: zoho.com - Like Basecamp, there are no key words in their domain, which is five years old. Each of their tools has its own separate domain, with a sales page.
Homepage: No canonicalisation issues here, but the homepage is rather devoid of text. It shows a list of links to their nineteen office applications (each app is on a different subdomain). There are just three short exceprts from press coverage right at the bottom of the page. The oage uses tables for layout too.
Public pages: The subdomains for each of the tools are much better optimised, with excerpts of sales pages linking back to the main domain. I am undecided about the significance of this last sentence, maybe it just means that the homepage is poorly constructed, add a comment if you’ve got any insights. There are about 500 pages listed in Yahoo Site Explorer, although some are duplicates caused by advert referrer tracking parameters.
Inlinks: About 950,000(!) inlinks. Zoho got a huge amount of love during the Web 2.0 boom, won many awards and featured in a lot of people’s Top X Web 2.0 sites lists.
Blog: blogs.zoho.com is used to build community and promote wiki pages.
Best Practices
Phew, that’s a lot of information to get through, still reading?
When we look at the successful and not so good SEO aspects of the listed applications, some patterns emerge...
Most people will link to your front page
Put some good, keyword laden text on it. Testimonials, press cuttings, blog excerpts - the front page is your sales page. So don’t dive straight into your application, have an introduction and a big call to action button.
Consider making the front page
Put your online help on the same domain as your application
Great for long-tail technical queries and link back to your front page with targetted anchor text.
Blog on a subdomain or different domain
Send link juice to your help pages whenever a new feature is announced. This can help you own more results on the first page of the SERPs too.
User generated content = lots of content
Forums, community help, user blogs - did I mention long-tail queries before?
Give your customers a voice on your website, what they are talking about is your product!
Get links from authority sites
Put out press releases and be very nice to journalists and A-list bloggers. A new startup cannot compete with sites that have half a million backlinks, but focus on quality not quantity.
On Page SEO
All but ignored by the big players, but if you are building from scratch then at least ditch the tables!.
Get links through advertising and affiliate programmes
A good affiliate programme attracts a lot of sitewide links from a wide variety of sites, which is great for your link profile. Of course programme participants should nofollow
their links but if you provide the link text for them to paste into the siderbar, you don’t have to include the tag.
Fix any canonicalisation issues
This should be SEO 101. Pay attention to your affiliate tracking.
Most of these recommendations apply just as well to any website not just RIAs but to answer @EdWords’ original question of “How do you SEO a web page with no
content?”, don’t. Make a web site with lots of content and SEO that!